Visiting professor at the University of São Paulo (USP) and a guest researcher at the Center for Sustainable Development (CDS) in the University of Brasília (UnB). In France, he was a professor and director of Geography at École Normale Supérieure (ENS), in Paris. He is also director of research of the Center for Research and Documentation on the Americas (Creda), a mixed unit of the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the New Sorbonne University.