This work provides a broad geopolitical, multi-stakeholder and multi-causal analysis regarding the armed conflict in Syria and the confluence of regional variables that have lasted for almost a decade. Additionally, it illustrates in a coordinated manner the strategic interests of the main state and non-state actors involved in the conflict, based on relevant historical antecedents and updated data. Internationalists, political scientists, historians, social communicators, students of social sciences and readers in general will find here a precise, rigorous and articulated characterization of this armed conflict and the way in which it has established itself as a real threat to international security.