Droughts, floods, landslides, oil spills, dam failures and the Covid-19 pandemic. All of this is part of a set of disasters – caused by the most diverse factors – faced by the Brazilian population. The book expands the debates about these occurrences, addressing the disasters that have been part of the routine in several regions of the country for a long time, as well as more recent events, such as the case of the health emergency caused by the new coronavirus. In the work, biologists Luciana Londe and Vânia Rocha move through interactions between disasters and health, present and classify natural and technological threats, and discuss the challenges of collective health in these scenarios.