Environmental contamination by agrochemicals due to agricultural activity is relevant due to its effects on human health, the environment, local economies, and food security. These effects cannot be separated from agriculture’s contribution to tax revenues or from the mechanisms for controlling the release of agrochemicals into the environment. There are two unavoidable perspectives in the study of the problems associated with chemical pollution: complexity in its multiple dimensions and environmental toxicology. In order to work on the subject from the perspective of complexity, the author draws on Juan Samaja’s Macrosemiotics Model, which highlights the multiplicity of visions, interests, and expectations that occur simultaneously. She analyses three major macrosemiotics, cognitive systems, or strata of being that are involved: Civil Society-Market, Political-State Society, and Communal Cultural. From the perspective of environmental toxicology, the book addresses the modes of contamination at the community level, as opposed to clinical or pharmacological, contents of which are better known. It also presents data on the effects of agrochemicals, inextricably associated with industrial agriculture, on the physical and social environment and on human health.