In order to present the ethnomusicology area to the brazilian public and strenghten the national cultural and musical diversity discussion, the book gather texts of authors that are conducting, in the last decades, significant research in the brazilian culture. Having a theoretical dialogue with other countries’ ethnomusicology, the book unfolds itself about the role and the profile of brazilian ethnomusicology, highlighting its ethnographical quality, that seems like an alternative theory, new, radical and transforming through activist practices and the arising of voices and agents previously silenced in the academical legitimation proccesses.