The purpose of this work is to reflect on the trends that affect international cooperation efforts in Latin America. It also seeks to provide an input into the contemporary debate of cooperation in the continent and the analysis of cases that reveal not only the contributions but also the contradictions and challenges of cooperation. This is especially helpful to make significant advances in the development-peace relationship, a seemingly distant reality for most of the region. The views of professors, researchers, and experts from Latin America are collected to comprehend international cooperation and outline its major issues and challenges in Latin America. Its contents address three general thematic lines. The first one carries out a theoretical and relational discussion of the trends and behavior of international cooperation in Latin America, focused on South-South cooperation and the positioning of middle-income countries in the global dynamics of international cooperation. The second line expounds the role of development partnerships in initiatives that, from the social and technological perspectives, impact the needs for cooperation in Latin American countries. Finally, the third line approaches case analysis in Colombia, emphasizing international cooperation for peace and rural development.