This research studies the responsibility of the employer on damages caused by work-related stress that puts at risk life and health of workers as a consequence of the non-fulfilment of safety obligations by which employers are legally bound. Both in France and Colombia, the employer’s fulfilment of safety obligations is the parameter to legal qualification of an employer’s responsibility in industrial accidents and occupational diseases. Similarly, in both countries, the main objective of the employer safety obligation is the prevention of all industrial risks that may cause accidents and occupational diseases, which materialises in the execution of legal duties that aim to avoid risk or reduce its effects.