The events and individuals who led the struggle against smallpox in Colombia are the core theme in this work. Topics like the cordon sanitaire, isolation of the ill, variolation and arm vaccination, put into practice since 1804 when the vaccine arrived to our country, are some measures coming from Spain. Next, the book discusses the production of the Colombian vaccine developed in a central laboratory with calves, which was named the Vaccination Park. In addition to the removal of the adverse effects in the arm, it meant the beginning to create protocols that eventually resulted in obtaining an excellent vaccine. This vaccine was then used for the prevention, control and eradication of the smallpox in Colombia.