Following a broad concept of cross-cutting research, and after holding three events related to man and the sea in Cádiz —School of Philosophy and Letters (2016–2017)— and the Universidad Nova de Lisboa —School of Human and Social Sciences (2018)—, this polyphonic book presents a selection of nine papers that reflect on maritime archeology and history. Organized around five broad thematic lines, such papers encourage us to explore new depths on the study of the sea and its social dimension, ships, men and sea paths, flows and merchandise, Atlantic cities and underwater maritime heritage.