Ancient metallurgy in the American continent epitomizes several thousand years of development, vast expansion, and a wealth of symbolism. The mythology of different contemporary native groups has maintained the symbolic elements belonging to the belief systems of ancient populations. This book analyses the symbolism of metals and metallurgy based on the study of local cosmogonies, complemented by historical and archaeological data. Certain basic cosmogonical principles are emphasized along with a symbolic structure that integrates regional interpretations in accordance with beliefs of particular native groups. The book also analyses how these symbolic qualities and choices made by the different societies are at the base of social function of different elements used in particular contexts, according to the cosmogonical model and the ancestors’ teaching.